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從細胞到個體、從個人到群體、從人群到動物、從體內保健到生態環保,GMI免疫調節蛋白全面地提供了良性循環的基礎。

GMI免疫調節蛋白有高度的協同性、安全性及有效性,已具備新藥開發的資格。

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CD133 inhibition via autophagic degradation in pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells by GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein from Ganoderma microsporum 2021-11-15

Abstract

Background: Adaptive drug resistance is an unfavourable prognostic factor in cancer therapy. Pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells possess high-metastatic ability via ERK-ZEB1 pathway-activated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. GMI is a fungal immunomodulatory protein that suppresses the survival of several cancer cells.

Methods: Cell viability was analysed by MTT, clonogenic, tumour spheroid, and cancer stem cell sphere assays. Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein expression. Chemical inhibitors and ATG5 shRNA were used to inhibit autophagy. Tumour growth was investigated using xenograft mouse model.

Results: GMI decreased the viability with short- and long-term effects and induced autophagy but not apoptosis in A549/A400 cells. GMI downregulated the expression levels of CD133, CD44, NANOG and OCT4. GMI induces the protein degradation of CD133 via autophagy. CD133 silencing decreased the survival and proliferation of A549/A400 cells. GMI suppressed the growth and CD133 expression of A549/A400 xenograft tumour.

Conclusions: This study is the first to reveal the novel function of GMI in eliciting cytotoxic effect and inhibiting CD133 expression in pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells via autophagy. Our finding provides evidence that CD133 is a potential target for cancer therapy.

 

資料來源:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-0885-8

參考資料:  台灣:GMI被再度證實誘發細胞自噬,抑制抗藥性肺腺癌幹細胞的生長

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